At, Schematic diagram of As uptake and translocation in the roots of Schematic diagram of As uptake and translocation in the roots of Loc, subcellular localization; PM, plasma membrane; Tp, tonoplast.Loc, subcellular localization; PM, plasma membrane; Tp, tonoplast. Transporters of arsenite in rice and their role in arsenic accumulation in rice grainArsenic exposure and the induction of human cancersCombined NanoSIMS and synchrotron X-ray fluorescence reveal distinct cellular and subcellular distribution patterns of trace elements in rice tissuesMembers of rice plasma membrane intrinsic proteins subfamily are involved in arsenite permeability and tolerance in plantsArabidopsis Pht1;5 mobilizes phosphate between source and sink organs and influences the interaction between phosphate homeostasis and ethylene signalingThe phytochelatin transporters AtABCC1 and AtABCC2 mediate tolerance to cadmium and mercury Arsenic localization, speciation, and co-occurrence with iron on rice ( Although vacuole sequestration is a crucial As detoxification mechanism in the As hyperaccumulator The efficiency of As translocation from the roots to the shoots affects the As tolerance of plants and determines the ability of As hyperaccumulators to accumulate As ( The ability to load As into xylem significantly affects the accumulation of As in plant shoots. Several membrane proteins involved in the xylem loading of As have been identified in rice, whereas the key transporters for As transport in the xylem remain unknown. A recent 2011 study funded by the US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences' Superfund Research Program shows that deep sediments can remove arsenic and take it out of circulation. Arabidopsis WRKY45 transcription factor activates Natural variation in arsenate tolerance identifies an arsenate reductase in

Arsenic and silicon are chemically very similar under the soil conditions found in flooded rice paddies, and as a result arsenic literally fits into the silicon transporters, and is integrated into the plant as it grows, finding its way into the grain–the part of the rice plant we eat. L.; the National ResearchFoundation (NRF) of Korea (NRF-2013R1A1A2008492) to W.Y. Several AR genes have been identified in plants, such as The complexation of As(III) with PCs is an important mechanism by which plants detoxify As. 347–372 in Mertz W. Generally, the main forms of arsenic under oxic conditions are HOxidation and reduction affects the migration of arsenic in subsurface environments. Orlando, FL: Academic Press, 1986, 347–372Uthus E.O., Arsenic essentiality and factors affecting its importance. The fundamental mechanisms by which transporters participate in the loading, unloading and vacuolar sequestration of As may be manipulated to develop crops with improved resistance to As.This work was supported by the Chongqing Research Program of Advanced Technology andApplication foundation (grant No. In addition to arsenic exposure from drinking water, you can be exposed to arsenic by touching contaminated soil or eating plants grown in arsenic-rich soil. Numerous studies indicate that As transporters play crucial roles in the uptake, translocation and detoxification of As. Eawag (2015) Geogenic Contamination Handbook – Addressing Arsenic and Fluoride in Drinking Water. Reducing the As concentration in drinking water and food is thus of critical importance. DARP use As(V) as the electron acceptor of anaerobic respiration and obtain energy to survive. Arsenic can Redox reactions involving Fe also appear to be essential factors in the fate of arsenic in aquatic systems. where SOAs of 2002, US-based industries consumed 19,600 metric tons of arsenic. Direct evidence showing the effect of root surface iron plaque on arsenite and arsenate uptake into rice ( Nannan Li, Jingchao Wang, Won-Yong Song, Arsenic Uptake and Translocation in Plants, Arsenic (As) is a highly toxic metalloid that is classified as a non-threshold class-1 carcinogen. Fortunately, arsenic is rarely present in topsoil in concentrations that are toxic to plants, making your risk of soil exposure unlikely. Arsenic is also found in CCA treated timber, termite control products and some herbicides designed for use on lawns. cstc2014jcyjA80029); fundamental research funds for theCentral Universities (grant No. At, Phylogenetic trees of plant NIP and PHT1 proteins. (ed. In this process, called Magnetic separations of arsenic at very low magnetic field Epidemiological studies have suggested a correlation between chronic consumption of drinking water contaminated with arsenic and the incidence of all leading causes of mortality.Chaff-based filters have recently been shown to reduce the arsenic content of water to 3 µg/L. *Corresponding authors: Won-Yong Song, E-mail, Arsenic naturally occurs in the soil and elsewhere in the environment and it is the 20th most common element on Earth.

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