Anjunadeep Events 2022, Documentary About The Tunnels Under Las Vegas, Keto Friendly Wines At Cooper's Hawk, Articles B

His claim is confirmed by a Chinese text of the 14th century explaining how a Sogdian named Mar-Sargis from Samarkand founded six Nestorian Christian churches there in addition to one in Hangzhou during the second half of the 13th century. We're happy to make these classics available again for future generations to enjoy! popularity. Absent any such restrictions, these materials are free to use and reuse. At the end of the Stockholm manuscript is a mappa mundi, a medieval schematic zonal map of the world, which, however, may be a later addition. The first English translation is the Elizabethan version by John Frampton published in 1579, The most noble and famous travels of Marco Polo, based on Santaella's Castilian translation of 1503 (the first version in that language). Book Two describes China and the court of Kublai Khan. The Dominican father Francesco Pipino[it] was the author of a translation into Latin, Iter Marci Pauli Veneti in 1302, just a few years after Marco's return to Venice. Marco Polo was supposedly born in Venice, then in the Venetian Republic and now in Italy. The Travels of Marco Polo Komroff, Manuel, Polo, Marco Published by Liveright Publishing Corporation, 1982 ISBN 10: 0871401320 ISBN 13: 9780871401328 Seller: Better World Books, Mishawaka, U.S.A. One of the true classics - longest book in continuous publication (over 800 years). Here's a book that looks fantastic on the cover: it's the story of Marco Polo's incredible travels to the East, told by the man himself. Some things indeed there be therein which he beheld not; but these he heard from men of credit and veracity. Well worth a read i only to understand more about the amazing life of people in the past. The book is Polo's account of his travels to China, which he calls Cathay (north China) and Manji (south China). Leave That Matter, Concerning The Tartars Of The Ponent And Their Lords, Of The War That Arose Between Alau And Barca, And The Battles That This manuscript from about 1350 is one of the oldest extant copies of Les voyages de Marco Polo (The travels of Marco Polo), the account by the Venetian merchant Marco Polo (circa 1254-1324) of his adventures in Central Asia and the Far East during the latter part of the 13th century. Despite the extremely unreliable and often fantastical nature of the travels it describes, it was used as a work of reference - Christopher Columbus, for example, was heavily influenced by both this work and Marco Polo's earlier Il Milione. Very well set out and easy to read, the language is well put and the descriptions of people and places visited are excellent. Marco Polo was supposedly born in Venice, then in the Venetian Republic and now in Italy. We know the richness of these regions from the writings of subsequent travelers and historians, but Polo makes them all seem strikingly similar. Mulehet is a country in which the Old Man of the Mountain dwelt in former days; and the name means " Place of the Aram ." I will tell you his whole history as related by Messer Marco Polo, who heard it from several natives of that region. . Even if Marco's account still challenges modern . [29] In the mid-fifteenth century the cartographer of Murano, Fra Mauro, meticulously included all of Polo's toponyms in his 1450 map of the world. It looks like WhatsApp is not installed on your phone. This accessible new translation offers an illuminating insight into the world of the Arab geographers, and the medieval lands of the far north. The book was co-written by Rustichello da Pisa, an Italian writer who met Polo while the two were in prison in Genoa, Italy. Book reviews, interviews, editors' picks, and more. It mainly consists of a list of all the different countries and regions that he has been to, with a few facts added here and there. [Place of Publication Not Identified: Publisher Not Identified, 1350] Pdf. Marco Polo belonged to a Venetian family of merchants and diplomats. Several accounts of what transpired have survived. Marco Polo's 'Travels' was one of the world's first best-sellers History Magazine Marco Polo's odyssey spawned one of the world's first best sellers Medieval audiences couldn't get. Description of a Trip to Canton 1746-1749. This is a reproduction of the original artefact. web pages "Shelfmark: M 304"--Note extracted from World Digital Library. The book was written by romance writer Rustichello da Pisa, who worked from accounts which he had heard from Marco Polo when they were imprisoned together in Genoa. on June 19, 2009. [Place of Publication Not Identified: Publisher Not Identified] [Pdf] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2021668052/. The narrative is thin and repetitive. Polo's famous book "The Travels of Marco Polo," and changing history forever! Marco Polo, Sohn einer venezianischen Hndlerfamilie, ist ein Reisender in der Welt. However, I just discovered it does indeed contain the Prologue. concerned to write about his travels in Asia, what he did or did not see, and how useful he is as a source on the East. Book Four describes some of the then-recent wars among the Mongols and some of the regions of the far north, like Russia. The early works of Carl Linne (1707-78), annotated journals From 1746 to 1749, the Swedish rigged brig Gotha Lejon sailed on a mercantile mission to Canton. Then you open the book and look into it a bit and realize that it might be boring against all odds. It took me forever to finish this. Credit Line: [Original Source citation], World Digital Library, More about Copyright and other Restrictions. Marco Polo was the most famous traveller of his time. The Old Man was called in their language ALOADIN. The text is comprised of a prologue and four subsequent books. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Modern Library Classics Ser. [56] His accounts of salt production and revenues from the salt monopoly are also accurate, and accord with Chinese documents of the Yuan era. The true sweetness of wine is one flavor. The work was an important introduction for Europeans to the history and geography of Central Asia and China. Travel by land;Marco Polo [Polo, Marco] They crossed the plain of Pamir and traveled across the incredible desolation of the Gobi Desert into the ancient mercantile cities of Samarqand, Yarkant (Shache), and Kashgar (Kashi), until they reached Tangut, in the extreme northwest of China. Shipping cost, delivery date, and order total (including tax) shown at checkout. The Travels of Marco Polo Hardcover. [place of publication not identified] : [publisher not identified], 1350. [30], Marco Polo was accompanied on his trips by his father and uncle (both of whom had been to China previously), though neither of them published any known works about their journeys. I find it interesting how Marco Polo's description of the Middle East of more than 700 years ago is pretty much a reflection of the way it is today. The diplomatic communications between Pope Innocent IV and Pope Gregory X with the Mongols[26] were probably another reason for this endorsement. They Fought (Extracts And Substance. The first section of the book is a prolonged discussion about the historical significance of the events and details about Marco Polo and his family. Marco Polo emerges as being curious and tolerant, and devoted to Kublai Khan and the dynasty that he served for two decades. There, young Marco will meet Kublai Khan, the ruler of the vast Mongolian empire. and Fell In With Certain Envoys There, How the Two Brothers Took the Envoy's Counsel, and Went to the Court of the Great Kaan, How the Two Brothers Arrived at the Court of the Great Kaan, How the Great Kaan Asked All About the Manners of the Christians, and Particularly About the Pope of Rome, How the Great Kaan Sent the Two Brothers as His Envoys to the Pope, How the Great Kaan Gave Them a Tablet of Gold, Bearing His Orders in Their Behalf, How the Two Brothers Came to the City of Acre; and Thence to Venice, How the Two Brothers Again Departed from Venice, on Their Way Back to the Great Kaan, and Took With Them Mark, the Son of Messer Nicolo, How the Two Brothers Set Out from Acre, and Mark Along With Them, How the Two Brothers Presented Themselves Before the New Pope, How Messer Nicolo and Messer Maffeo Polo, Accompanied by Mark, Travelled to the Court of the Great Kaan, How Messer Nicolo and Messer Maffeo Polo and Marco Presented Themselves Before the Great Kaan, How the Lord Sent mark on an Embassy of His, How Mark Returned From the Mission Whereon He Had Been Sent, How Messer Nicolo, Messer Maffeo, and Messer Marco, Asked Leave of the Great Kaan to Go Their Way, How the Two Brothers and Messer Marco Took Leave of the Great Kaan, and Returned to Their Own Country, Here the Book Begins; and First it Speaks of the Lesser Hermenia, Of the Great City of Baudas, and How it Was Taken, How the Calif of Baudas Took Counsel to Slay All the Christians in His Land, How the Christians Were In Great Dismay Because of What the Calif Had Said, How the One-Eyed Cobler Was Desired to Pray for the Christians, How the Prayer of the One-Eyed Cobler Caused the Mountain to Move, Of the Monastery of Saint Barsamo on the Borders of Tauris, Of the Great Country of Persia; With Some Account of the Three Kings, How the Three Kings Returned to their Own Country, Of the Eight Kingdoms of Persia, and How they are Named, Of the City of Camadi and its Ruins; Also Touching the Carauna Robbers, Of the Wearisome and Desert Road That Has Now to Be Travelled, Concerning the City of Cobinan and the Things That Are Made There, Of a Certain Desert That Continues for Eight Days' Journey, How the Old Man Used to Train His Assasins, Of Taican, and the Mountains of Salt. The book was translated into many European languages in Marco Polo's own lifetime, but the original manuscripts are now lost, and their reconstruction is a matter of textual criticism. His voyages began in 1271 with a visit to China, after which he served Khubilai Khan on numerous diplomatic missions. Values Of Certain Moneys, Weights, And Measures Occurring In This Book. , .. . A total of about 150 copies in various languages are known to exist. ; Wright, Thomas, 1810-1877; Marsden, William, 1754-1836 Publication date 1854 Topics Polo, Marco, 1254-1323?, Voyages and travels, Mongols Publisher London : Henry G. Bohn Collection pimslibrary; toronto Marco Polo (1254-1324) was one of the greatest' explorers of the Middle Ages and the first person to make Europe aware China's extraordinary power and culture. One view is it comes from the Polo family's use of the name Emilione to distinguish themselves from the numerous other Venetian families bearing the name Polo. The Travels was a rare popular success in an era before printing. Distance was calculated by the number of days travelled - it was well before the use of maps, distance and sat navs! The Travels of Marco Polo: A Modern Translation Hardcover - November 30, 1984 Romance Edition by Marco Polo (Author), Maria Bellonci (Author), Teresa Waugh (Translator) 616 ratings Kindle $0.99 Read with Our Free App Audiobook $0.00 Free with your Audible trial Hardcover $6.48 23 Used from $2.50 1 Collectible from $17.88 Paperback Of Marco Polo's Book, So Far As They Are Known, Diagram Showing Filiation Of Chief Mss. Tabi abart olmazsa olmaz. A slow and (honestly) not very enjoyable read, but Marco Polo's book is obviously very important, and was ground breaking at the time. The Mongol rulers whom Polo served also controlled territories both north and south of today's wall, and would have no reasons to maintain any fortifications that may have remained there from the earlier dynasties. I enjoyed most of the book. A few adventurous Europeans accomplished it. This is Battista Agnese (circa 1500--1564) was an Italian cartographer, born in Genoa, who worked in Venice between 1536 and 1564 and became one of the most important figures in Renaissance cartography. Best known long-distance traveler of Mongol times. Later it was part of the library of the French book collector Alexandre Petau. The personal appearance of the Great Kaan, Lord of Lords, whose name is Cublay, is such as I shall now tell you. Marco Polo's travels have since inspired countless adventurers to set off and see the world. He articulated his requirements and expectations on the part of the people, such as the development and required use of paper money to assure trade and commerce throughout the land on an "even" basis, so that each person could trust that his or her currency would be accepted equally. Ces luttes, ainsi que dautres instabilits rgionales, vont pousser trois marchands vnitiens, Mafeo, Nicolo et Marco Polo, dj installs sur la mer noire, avancer vers lOrient, en menant un voyage aux dimensions piques. Ses comptoirs commerciaux et sa supriorit navale lui permettent de faire le monopole sur le commerce avec le monde musulman, travers lequel lEurope se fournit par toutes les marchandises venant de lInde et de la Chine. The impact of Polo's book on cartography was delayed: the first map in which some names mentioned by Polo appear was in the Catalan Atlas of Charles V (1375), which included thirty names in China and a number of other Asian toponyms. 5.0 out of 5 stars PROFESSIONAL TRANSLATION. And dog-headed people?? Following his travels, he dictated a report he called "A Gift to Those Who Contemplate the Wonders of Cities and the Marvels of Traveling," known simply in Arabic as the Ri?la. The tradition is that Polo dictated the book to a romance writer, Rustichello da Pisa, while in prison in Genoa between 1298 and 1299. For let me tell you that since our Lord God did mould with his hands our first Father Adam, even until this day, never hath there been Christian, or Pagan, or 2Tartar, or Indian, or any man of any nation, who in his own person hath had so much knowledge and experience of the divers parts of the World and its Wonders as hath had this Messer Marco! Mongols, - [45] In particular, his failure to mention the Great Wall of China had been noted as early as the middle of the seventeenth century. 'The Million', deriving from Polo's nickname "Emilione"), [1] in English commonly called The Travels of Marco Polo, is a 13th-century travelogue written down by Rustichello da Pisa from stories told by Italian explorer Marco Polo. . Pi di un mese di lettura del resto Marco Polo ci ha messo poco meno di vent'anni, quindi tutto sommato andata bene Il Milione, the legendary account of Marco Polo's travels is a fascinating view into history. [48] The Muslim traveler Ibn Battuta did mention the Great Wall, but when he asked about the wall while in China during the Yuan dynasty, he could find no one who had either seen it or knew of anyone who had seen it. Description and travel, - also features the classic and stylistically brilliant Marsden translation, revised and corrected, as well as Komroff's Introduction . While this book can be fascinating and highly amusing, it is also extremely repetitive, fictitious, and at times, downright boring. Elapsed time: 48 ms. This handwritten journal has been attributed to Carl From 1746 to 1749, the Swedish rigged brig Gotha Lejon sailed on a mercantile mission to Canton. Original resource extent: 100 leaves : parchment ; 22.3 x 15.2 centimeters. This page was last edited on 9 January 2023, at 06:00. Free shipping. For additional information and contact information for many of the partner organizations, see this archived capture of the World Digital Library site from 2021. The Library asks that researchers approach the materials in this collection with respect for the culture and sensibilities of the people whose lives, ideas, and creativity are documented here. Book of the Marvels of the World ( Italian: Il Milione, lit. Polo, Marco, 1254-1324, - For example, the opening introduction in The Book of Marvels to "emperors and kings, dukes and marquises" was lifted straight out of an Arthurian romance Rustichello had written several years earlier, and the account of the second meeting between Polo and Kublai Khan at the latter's court is almost the same as that of the arrival of Tristan at the court of King Arthur at Camelot in that same book. It makes it very difficult to read and figure out which parts are the original book. I am very disappointed in the structure of this book. Marco Polo soon was caught up in the war between Venice and Genoa, for which he equipped and commanded a galley in the Venetian navy. on the Internet. Content in Old French (842-ca. For example, the first English translation, "The most noble and famous travels of Marco Polo", first published in 1579 by John Frampton, is based on Castilian version "Cosmographia breve introductoria en el libro de Marco Paulo" by Rodrigo de Santaella from 1503, which in turn is a translation of the VA verion of the text. Difficulty that is difficult to appreciate in our modern world. Women in Translation Month; #BookLoverSpotlight; Best of 2022; Reading Ukraine; Podcast picks; Events; New Reads for 2023; Competitions; Mother's Day; New Releases; Fiction. [22], According to some recent research of the Italian scholar Antonio Montefusco, the very close relationship that Marco Polo cultivated with members of the Dominican Order in Venice suggests that local fathers collaborated with him for a Latin version of the book, which means that Rustichello's text was translated into Latin for a precise will of the Order. . Be the first one to, The travels of Marco Polo, the Venetian : the translation of Marsden revised, with a selection of his notes, Advanced embedding details, examples, and help, http://books.google.com/books?id=LWQNAAAAYAAJ&oe=UTF-8, Terms of Service (last updated 12/31/2014). Very well set out and easy to read, the language is well put and the descriptions of people and places visited are excellent. The Travels of Marco Polo. Exact: 0. For information on contacting WDL partner organizations, see this archived list of partners. ${cardName} not available for the seller you chose. . Overview. I have compared this edition with Cliff (Penguin), Latham (Penguin), Marsden and Yule translations and am able to say this edition is the best one (by now) for it is the most complete print and translation is scholarly accurate. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, . Stories and various documents also alternatively point to his ancestry originating in Korula, Croatia. Learn more how customers reviews work on Amazon, Facts on File; First Edition (January 1, 1984). THE TRAVELS OF MARCO POLO: A MODERN TRANSLATION By Maria Bellonci - Hardcover VG. Polo, Marco, Author. The travels is a book ive never read in one sitting but jump in and out of. I recommend you read it if you like books that go into great detail about countries and their laws. Marco Polo's journeys were recorded in The Travels of Marco Polo (also known as Book of the Marvels of the World or Il Milione), a document that described to Europeans the mysterious culture and inner workings of the Eastern world, and was the first comprehensive look into China, Persia, India, Japan, and other Asian countries. Good book, fun to read, and printed in a good edition, Reviewed in the United States on June 21, 2015. I am at page 260, and just barely starting the actual content of the book. It has been a pleasure to revisit the travels of Marco Polo. For Ibn Battuta's work, see, Maria Bellonci, "Nota introduttiva", Il Milione di Marco Polo, Milano, Oscar Mondadori, 2003, p. XI [ITALIAN], The date usually given as 1292 was emended in a note by, Latham, Ronald "Introduction" pp. Bizlere o zamanlar anlatt iin ok kymetl bir kitap. [17] The Italian scholar Luigi Foscolo Benedetto had previously demonstrated that the book was written in the same "leisurely, conversational style" that characterised Rustichello's other works, and that some passages in the book were taken verbatim or with minimal modifications from other writings by Rustichello. Confieso que, de haber ledo. I first read this book when a teacher lent it to me in 7th grade, and I enjoyed it quite a bit. Here people was once used to be honourable: now they are all bad; they have kept one goodness: that they are greatest boozers. Reviewed in the United States on September 18, 2019. The Travels of Marco Polo Hardcover. List Of Mss. Instead, it's a systematic description of all the countries one can find east of Italy. It makes it very difficult to read and figure out which parts are the original book. Title devised, in English, by Library staff. [48] Haw also argued that practices such as footbinding were not common even among Chinese during Polo's time and almost unknown among the Mongols. Nigel Cliff s new translation, based on the original medieval sources, is a fresh, authoritative rendering, with a lively introduction and notes. And Editions Of Marco Polo, Titles Of Sundry Books And Papers Treating Of Marco Polo And His Book, Titles Of Works Quoted By Abbreviated References In This Book. They left China in late 1290 or early 1291[15] and were back in Venice in 1295. Decorated end-papers. I would probably have gotten through the book much more quickly without those things. There are colorful and informative descriptions of the pageantry of the court, the general social structure, the role of law as imposed by Khan in his efforts to create what was a functional society. Marco Polo's Travels Along the Silk Road Marco Polo in Venice Marco Polo (1254-1324) was a Venetian merchant believed to have journeyed across Asia at the height of the Mongol Empire. Or Khan's hunting expeditions requiring 10,000 elephants marchingnacross the land to flush out tigers and other wildlife. Theyre nothing like nor as worthy as the blind Shoemaker who poked out his own eye in order not to lust within his heart at a woman as he was fitting her for shoes and when all the other Christians within that country (Persia?) thus. This handwritten journal, compiled by Carl Johan Gethe, Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Idrisi (circa 1100--1166) was an Arab geographer and adviser to Norman king Roger II of Sicily. On his return to the West he was made a prisoner of war and met Rustichello of Pisa, with whom he collaborated on this book. [16], The British scholar Ronald Latham has pointed out that The Book of Marvels was in fact a collaboration written in 12981299 between Polo and a professional writer of romances, Rustichello of Pisa. The thirteenth-century Italian merchant and explorer recounts his adventures in China and tells how he served as an emissary for Kublai Khan, Customer Reviews, including Product Star Ratings help customers to learn more about the product and decide whether it is the right product for them.Learn more how customers reviews work on Amazon, [{"displayPrice":"$6.61","priceAmount":6.61,"currencySymbol":"$","integerValue":"6","decimalSeparator":".","fractionalValue":"61","symbolPosition":"left","hasSpace":false,"showFractionalPartIfEmpty":true,"offerListingId":"%2Fm5DpcKJHrvuYCWjtypwno%2BF07xEwEajcMjYAFJZjf%2FJ%2F94tIbV5m3DBvgtEkqkxorzqp4qh%2FmSF%2FIGwXEod2iKR7ymMZXiqxzYb8MbUC1eg1Eg2I4NGbKcpNE1DFEaXsVhxn2TNK2QT6suiLoq28bntRq%2FKKA%2Bz6CTlcnE%2BZDc9Q9KR%2FTEFyA%3D%3D","locale":"en-US","buyingOptionType":"USED"}]. He was taken prisoner by the Genoese in 1296. One theory, possibly the best known but also the most criticized, comes from the reports of Marco Polo during his travels to the Orient. Death of Chinghis, Of Those Who Did Reign After Chinghis Kaan, and of the Customs of the Tartars, Concerning the Administering of Justice Among the Tartars, Sundry Particulars on the Plain Beyond Caracoron, Of the Kingdom of Erguiul, and Province of Sinju, Concerning the Province of Tenduc, and the Descendants of Prester John, Concerning the Kaan's Palace of Chagannor. Picture Information. There are no reviews yet. AbeBooks.com: The Travels of Marco Polo: A Modern Translation (9780871968906) by Polo, Marco; Bellonci, Maria and a great selection of similar New, Used and Collectible Books available now at great prices. Still as enjoyable and informative, 1996-2023, Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates, Pages can have notes/highlighting. Free shipping. Born into a Venetian Family. Quantity: 1 Still, there are glimpses and insights within the narrative that could only have come from first-hand experience, and these describe an enormous, exotic world that titillates even today, while readers in the 13th and 14th centuries must have been enthralled. . Only the strong survive and the travels have lasted, although their authenticity is constantly questioned, Last read it when I was at School. To add the following enhancements to your purchase, choose a different seller. [11] Economic historian Mark Elvin concludes that recent work "demonstrates by specific example the ultimately overwhelming probability of the broad authenticity" of Polo's account, and that the book is, "in essence, authentic, and, when used with care, in broad terms to be trusted as a serious though obviously not always final, witness. The Travels: Marco Polo (Penguin Clothbound Classics) Hardcover - Illustrated, 26 Feb. 2015 by Marco Polo (Author), Nigel Cliff (Editor, Introduction, Translator) 389 ratings Kindle Edition 1.99 Read with Our Free App Hardcover 14.23 3 Used from 16.74 21 New from 12.57 Paperback 9.19 9 Used from 5.23 9 New from 8.53 The editor, Giovan Battista Ramusio, collated manuscripts from the first part of the fourteenth century,[40] which he considered to be "perfettamente corretto" ("perfectly correct"). His subsequent account of his travels offers a fascinating glimpse of what he encountered abroad: unfamiliar religions; new customs . Marco Polo. Reviewed in the United States on February 23, 2013. East Indian Journey during the Years 1748 and 1749. (Mostly, though, it was because I got sidetracked by the extensive footnotes & subsequent internet research on various topics found in Polo's book.). Reliable - no, but there is much that is accurate, mixed with plenty he clearly never experienced personally yet records as he was obviously told these stories by others. That being said, it's a classic, and it does have its merits. At the time, there was open discussion of a possible Christian-Mongol alliance with an anti-Islamic function. Sur Un quart de sicle, leur voyage va les mener travers les steppes de lEurasie, vers la Chine, en retournant sur la route du commerce de lOcan Indien. How the Two Brothers Polo Set Forth from Constantinople to Traverse the World, How the Two Brothers Went On Beyond Soldaia, How the Two Brothers, After Crossing A Desert, Came To The City Of Bocara, ( ) " " . $15.00 + $4.50 shipping. On an fascinating subject, the narrative of Marco Polo's book is unfortunately extremely dry and repetitive. Get help and learn more about the design. This edition also includes footnotes, which the edition my teacher had didn't, correcting some of the mistakes and giving more context to the text. It is found in the Italian National Library in Florence. [21] Francesco Pipino solemnly affirmed the truthfulness of the book and defined Marco as a "prudent, honoured and faithful man". [46][47], Historian Stephen G. Haw however argued that many of the "omissions" could be explained. $6.34. The famous Venetian is believed to have left Venice at age 17 to embark on a 24-year journey through the Persian Gulf and Asia, spending much of this time in China in the court of the great Mongol emperor Kublai Khan. He noted the Great Wall familiar to us today is a Ming structure built some two centuries after Marco Polo's travels. Xanadu - John Man 2010-10-31 **A SOURCE FOR MARCO POLO, A NETFLIX ORIGINAL SERIES** Marco Polo's journey . Henri Cordier revised and contributed further notes to the 1920 edition. [51], Many of the details in Polo's accounts have been verified. Also of the Province of Casem, Of the Great River of Badashan; and Plain of Pamier, Of Chinghis, and How He Became the First Kaan of the Tartars, How Chinghis Mustered His People to March Against Prester John, How Prester John Marched to Meet Chinghis, The Battle Between Chinghis Kaan and Prester John.