It was nature herself, and this time Bull Halsey was completely outmatched. The genius of the arrangement was that Third and Fifth Fleet staffs alternated in planning and conducting operations with essentially the same units, notably the Fast Carrier Task Force.

Kinkaid was more of a company man than the Bull, but apparently neither appealed the communication plan to MacArthur or to Nimitz.Running up to Leyte, the army and navy both botched intelligence estimates. Chester Nimitz, a gentleman to his core, had seemingly jabbed Bill Halsey with a bitterly sarcastic rebuke.Meanwhile, Seventh Fleet waited three hours for clarification that Halsey’s battleships were charging northward to engage Ozawa. While supporting operations against Luzon he faced a more formidable opponent than the Imperial Navy. Biography Early life. He was a leading exponent of warfare using carrier-based aircraft and became known for his daring tactics. Sprague did the only thing he could: make smoke, turn away, launch aircraft, and holler for help.At that point the entire American command structure had failed.

The chief of staff was Capt. King, conceding, “It never occurred to me that Halsey, knowing the composition of the ships in the Sibuyan Sea, would leave San Bernardino Strait unguarded.”In his memoir, Halsey sacrificed his long friendship with Kinkaid by writing, “I wondered how Kinkaid had let ‘Ziggy’ Sprague get caught like this.” While Kinkaid was not without fault—he could have posted a picket destroyer in the strait— Halsey had failed in his responsibility to protect the amphibious craft and tried to pass the blame. Recognizing the shortage of qualified commanders to fill these roles, the navy offered a quick course at Pensacola, Florida, where senior officers could earn their wings. Halsey explained about his ancestors in his memoirs, “Most were seafarers and adventurers, big, violent men, imptient of the law, and prone to strng drink and strong language.” [Halsey and Bryan] The sea ran in William’s blood. Upon elevation to flag rank he commanded carrier divisions in the Atlantic and Pacific.

The combined surface and air action proved costly for both sides: nine American warships and thirty-six aircraft versus two Japanese battleships, four other warships, eleven transports, and sixty-four aircraft. As a first to last combatant of the Pacific War, he launched aircraft into the Sunday surprise on December 7, 1941, and forty-five months later stood witness to the end of Imperial Japan on the deck of the battleship

Lieutenant Commander Halsey’s World War I service, including command of USS Shaw in 1918, was sufficiently distinguished to earn a Navy Cross. BUt it was not as deep as he portrayed. And he got away with it.Nor was that all. Kinkaid’s amphibious craft went ashore at Leyte on October 20, and four days later Third Fleet air strikes sank the monster battleship With the enemy’s reported withdrawal, Halsey was buoyant.

Historians still ponder the what-ifs of his career: the ailment that prevented him from commanding during the battle at Midway, the lapses that led to unnecessary losses at Leyte Gulf and “Halsey’s Typhoon,” the December 1944 storm that sank three destroyers and wrecked much of his Third Fleet.Halsey was born into a navy family and, like so many navy juniors, followed the same path as his father, graduating the Naval Academy in 1904, forty-second in a class of sixty-two. Naval Academy at Annapolis, Md., in 1904, Halsey

At that moment Bull Halsey committed the sin of complacency, and men not under his command would pay the penance.Meanwhile, during the night, Avengers from the light carrier In the wee hours of the twenty-fifth, the last major surface action in naval warfare history occurred in Surigao Strait, between Leyte and Mindanao.

From 1909 to 1932 he was captain of twelve different torpedo boats and destroyers, commanded three destroyer divisions, and served as executive officer of the battleship Naval aviation was meanwhile steadily growing in size and importance, and Congress had decreed that all aviation units of the U.S. Navy be commanded by a naval aviator. Kinkaid’s vulnerable forces only escaped destruction when Kurita unexpectedly broke contact with Taffy 3 and retired westward.

Nevertheless, in planning the Philippines attack for October 1944, Nimitz threw the old seadog a bone by adding, “In case opportunity for destruction of a major portion of the enemy fleet is offered or can be created, such destruction becomes the primary task.”Nimitz knew he was trying to have it both ways: keeping Halsey on a short leash yet trusting that he would break the panic snap when provoked to attack. It was almost noon before he ordered some of his heavy units to reverse helm and head south—an action that he later regretted because his battleships were so close to Ozawa.At that point it mattered little that Task Force 38 sank all four of Ozawa’s decoy carriers.

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